12. Write C statement(s) that accomplish the following. a. Declare int variables x and y. Initialize x to 25 and y to 18. b. Declare and initialize an int variable temp to 10 and a char variable ch to 'A'. c. Update the value of an int variable x by adding 5 to it. d. Declare and initialize a double variable payRate to 12.50. e. Copy the value of an int variable firstNum into an int variable tempNum. f. Swap the contents of the int variables x and y. (Declare additional variables, if necessary.) g. Suppose x and y are double variables. Output the contents of x, y, and the expression x 12 / y - 18. h. Declare a char variable grade and set the value of grade to 'A'. i. Declare int variables to store four integers. j. Copy the value of a double variable z to the nearest integer into an int variable x.

a.

int x = 25;

int y = 18;

b.

int temp = 10;

char ch ='a';

c.

x += 5;

d.

double payRate = 12.5;

e.

int tempNum = firstNum;

f.

int tempp = x;

x = y;

y = tempp;

g.

printf("Value of x = %f\n",x);

printf("Value of y = %f\n",y);

printf("Arithmetic = %f\n",(x + 12/y -18));

h.

char grade = 'A';

i.

int a,b,c,d;

a = 5; b = 2; c = 3; d = 6;

j.

int x = round(z);

Explanation:

The answers are straight forward.

However, I'll give a general hint in answering questions like this.

In C, variable declaration is done by:

data-type variable-name;

To declare and initialise the variable, you do;

data-type variable-name = value;

So, for questions that requires that we declare and initialise a variable, we make use of the above syntax..

Take (a) for instance:

int x = 25;

int y = 18;

Same syntax can be applied to (b), (d), (e), (h) & (I)

For question (c);

This can be done in two ways;

x = x + 5;

Or

x+=5;

Both will give the same result.

For question (f):

We start by initialise a temporary variable that stores x.

Then we store the value of x in y.

Then we store the content of the temporary variable to y.

This swaps the values of x and y

For question (g):

When printing a double variable in C, we make use of '\f' as a string format

For question (j):

The round function is used to round up a double variable to integer.

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