Consider two hosts, Host A and Host B, transmitting a large file to Server C over a bottleneck link with a rate of R kbps. To transfer the file, the hosts use TCP with the same parameters (including MSS and RTT) and start their transmissions at the same time. Host A uses a single TCP connection for the entire file, while Host B uses 9 simultaneous TCP connections, each for a portion (i. e., a chunk) of the file. What is the overall transmission rate achieved by each host at the beginning of the file transfer

Aplan to budget time for studying and activities is referred to as a study routine. study habits. study skills. a study schedule.

To increase sales, robert sends out a newsletter to his customers each month, letting them know about new products and ways in which to use them. in order to protect his customers' privacy, he uses this field when addressing his e-mail. attach bcc forward to

Consider a slotted aloha system, where the time slot equals the fixed duration of each packet. assume that there are 4 stations a,b,c,d sharing the medium. (a) stations a,b,c,d receive one packet each from higher layers at times 1.3, 1.5, 2.6,5.7 respectively. show which transmissions take place when, according to the slottedaloha protocol; describe all transmissions until all four packets have been successful.when needed, each station has access to the following sequence of random number, provided by a random number generator and drawn uniformly between 0 and 1: (1) station a draws numbers: 0.31, 0.27, 0.78, 0.9, 0.9, 0.11, 0. (2) station b draws numbers: 0.45, 0.28, 0.11, 0.83, 0.37, 0.22, 0. (3)station c draws numbers: 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0. (4) station d draws numbers: 0.36, 0.77, 0.9, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0. (b) in slotted aloha, a station transmits in each time slot with a given probability. what probabilities would you assign to each of the four stations so as to: (i) maximize the efficiency of the protocol? (ii) maximize fairness among the four stations? (c) will the efficiency increase or decrease if we modify slotted aloha as follows: (i) get rid of slots and allow stations to transmit immediately? (ii) implement carrier sensing? (iii) implement collision detection? (iv) implement collision avoidance?