Explain various basic hardware building blocks?

Among the facts of various basic hardware building blocks are the following:

Transistor - vital electronic building block 

-Transistors are "solid state" - no moving parts 

-One of the most important inventions in history

Silicon chip - fingernail sized piece of siliconMicroscopic transistors are etched onto silicon chips

Chips can contain billions of transistors

Chips are packaged in plastic, have little with metal legs e.g. CPU chips, memory chips, flash chips

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