Email, instant messaging and most web traffic go across the internet in the clear; that is, anyone who can capture that information can read it.

Yes.  Originally ARPAnet (Advanced Research Projects Agency) was conceived as a network between large universities, the government, the military and government contractors. Basically a bunch of friends and aquaintences.  Security really wasn't a consideration until after ARPAnet was opened to the public.

Once the twisted pair cable is connected and a network is established the led lights at the back of the computer should be steady. on most ethernet adapters nowadays, a steady green light means that the connection is actively connected to a valid partner at the opposite end. if the status of the led starts flashing, this means that there’s some activity and data is being transferred.

For question 1, i'm a bit stuck between serif fonts or large enough type to read. serif fonts are good fonts to use because their easy to read. but you also need your type be large enough to read. if i had to say what you need to consider most important, i would say d is the answer.  for question 3, i believe the answer is d. it seems most appropriate to do that. on every page or every other page would be too much, and only on the contact page just seems inappropriate.  for question 4, it's probably a. by "color scheme" it doesn't mean just one color, but a set of colors. colors that are complimentary to each other. having too many is too distracting so it's best to limit it as much as possible, but not to the point where your website looks dull.hope this !