Explain how a simple uniaxial tensile stress can be divided into a component and a shear component?

Heat is added to a piston-cylinder device filled with 2 kg of air to raise its temperature 400 c from an initial temperature of t1 27 cand pressure of pi 1 mpa. the process is isobaric process. find a)-the final pressure p2 b)-the heat transfer to the air.

Aturning operation is performed with following conditions: rake angle of 12°, a feed of 0.35 mm/rev, and a depth of cut of 1.1 mm. the work piece is aluminum alloy 6061 with t6 heat treatment (a16061-t6). the resultant chip thickness was measured to be 1.0 mm. estimate the cutting force, fc. use shear stress of 207 mpa and coefficient of friction on the tool face of 0.6.

1in2 processor chip can be modelled as an isothermal plane wall of silicon, isothermal on both sides. the power input to the bottom of the plane wall, or the processing power of the chip, often called the thermal design power (tdp), is 100w. assume the periphery is adiabatic. the silicon is 400 microns thick. the temperature at the junction, or in this case on the bottom of the isothermal plane wall, is 85°c. what is the top surface temperature, assuming that the only mode of heat transfer is conduction