Comment whether the following transformations are diffusionless and diffusional (if diffusional, mention what type of diffusion - short or long range). describe each transformation in brief. (2.5 x 4 = 10) a)-martensitic transformation b)- polymorphic transformation c)-pearlitic transformation d)-spinodal decomposition

Amass of m 1.5 kg of steam is contained in a closed rigid container. initially the pressure and temperature of the steam are: p 1.5 mpa and t 240°c (superheated state), respectively. then the temperature drops to t2= 100°c as the result of heat transfer to the surroundings. determine: a) quality of the steam at the end of the process, b) heat transfer with the surroundings. for: p1.5 mpa and t 240°c: enthalpy of superheated vapour is 2900 kj/kg, specific volume of superheated vapour is 0. 1483 m/kg, while for t 100°c: enthalpy of saturated liquid water is 419kj/kg, specific volume of saturated liquid water is 0.001043m/kg, enthalpy of saturated vapour is 2676 kj/kg, specific volume of saturated vapour is 1.672 m/kg and pressure is 0.1 mpa.

Most leaks in reciprocating air compressors can be detected and minimized by: (clo4) a)-detecting leakage areas using ultrasonic acoustic detector. b)-tightening joints and connections c)-replacing faulty equipment d)-all of the given options

Air is compressed isentropically from an initial state of 300 k and 101 kpa to a final temperature of 1000 k. determine the final pressure using the following approaches: (a) approximate analysis (using properties at the average temperature) (b) exact analysis