Around, cold-drawn 1045 steel rod has a mean strength s¯¯y=95.5 kpsi with a standard deviation of σˆsy=6.59 kpsi . the rod is to be subjected to a mean static axial load of p¯¯¯=65 kip with a standard deviation of σˆp=5.0 kip . assuming the strength and load have normal distributions, determine the reliability corresponding to the design factor of 1.4. also, determine the diameter for this design factor.

Air is to be cooled in the evaporator section of a refrigerator by passing it over a bank of 0.8-cm-outer-diameter and 0.4-m-long tubes inside which the refrigerant is evaporating at -20°c. air approaches the tube bank in the normal direction at 0°c and 1 atm with a mean velocity of 4 m/s. the tubes are arranged in-line with longitudinal and transverse pitches of sl- st 1.5 cm. there are 30 rows in the flow direction with 15 tubes in each row. determine (a) the refrigeration capacity of this system and (b) pressure drop across the tube bank. evaluate the air properties at an assumed mean temperature of -5°c and 1 atm. is this a good assumption?

Slip occurs via two partial dislocations because of (a) the shorter path of the partial dislocation lines; (b) the lower energy state through partial dislocations; (c) the charge balance.

Water at the rate of 1 kg/s is forced through a tube with a 2.5 cm inner diameter. the inlet water temperature is 15°c, and the outlet water temperature is 50°c. the tube wall temperature is 14°c higher than the local water temperature all along the length of the tube. what is the length of the tube?