In the abc machine shop, workers punch in at 8: 00 am and punch out at 4: 30 pm. the labor-management agreement allows 30 min for lunch, which is not counted as part of the 8-hour shift. in determining the allowance for computing time standards, two 15 min breaks are provided (personal time and fatigue), one in the morning and one in the afternoon; and 20 min have been negotiated as lost time due to supervisor interruptions and equipment malfunctions. what pfd allowance factor should be added to the normalized time to account for these losses in the computation of a standard time, so that if the worker works at standard performance, she will produce exactly eight standard hours?