Alarge, flat plate is subjected to constant-amplitude uniaxial cyclic tensile and compressive stresses of 120 and 35 mpa, respectively. if before testing the largest surface crack is 1.00 mm and the plain-strain fracture toughness of the plate is 35 mpa √ __ m , estimate the fatigue life of the plate in cycles to failure. for the plate, m = 3.5 and a = 5.0 × 10−12 in mpa and m units. assume y = 1.3.

Liquid flows at steady state at a rate of 2 lb/'s through a pump, which operates to raise the elevation of the liquid 100 ft from control volume inlet to exit. the liquid specific enthalpy at the inlet is 40.09 btu/lb and at the exit is 40.94 btub. the pump requires 3 btu/s of power to operate. if kinetic energy effects are negligible and gravitational acceleration is 32.174 tt/s, the heat transfer rate associated with this steady state process is most closely 1)-2,02 btu/s from the liquid to the surroundings 2)-3.98 btu/s from the surroundings to the liquid. 3)-4.96 btu/s from the surroundings to the liquid. 4)-1.04 btu/s from the liquid to the surroundings.