Water flows at a rate of 0.040 m3/s in a horizontal pipe whose diameter is reduced from 15 cm to 8 cm by a reducer. if the pressure at the centerline is measured to be 480 kpa and 445 kpa before and after the reducer, respectively, determine the irreversible head loss in the reducer. take the kinetic energy correction factor to be 1.05. take the density of water to be rho = 1000 kg/m3. the irreversible head loss in the reducer m.