When electodes are used to record the electrocardigram, an electrolyte gel is usually put between them and the surface of the skin. this makes it possible for the metal of the electrode to form metallic ions that move into the electrolyte gel. often, after prolonged use, this electrolyte gel begins to dry out and change the characteristics of the electrodes. draw an equivalent circuit for the electrode while the electrolyte gel is fresh. then discuss and illusttrate the way you expect this equivalent circuit to change as the electrolyte gel dries out. in the extreme case where there is no electrolyte gel left, what does the equivalent circuit of the electrode look like? how can this affect the quality of the recorded electrcardiogram?

Amass of m 1.5 kg of steam is contained in a closed rigid container. initially the pressure and temperature of the steam are: p 1.5 mpa and t 240°c (superheated state), respectively. then the temperature drops to t2= 100°c as the result of heat transfer to the surroundings. determine: a) quality of the steam at the end of the process, b) heat transfer with the surroundings. for: p1.5 mpa and t 240°c: enthalpy of superheated vapour is 2900 kj/kg, specific volume of superheated vapour is 0. 1483 m/kg, while for t 100°c: enthalpy of saturated liquid water is 419kj/kg, specific volume of saturated liquid water is 0.001043m/kg, enthalpy of saturated vapour is 2676 kj/kg, specific volume of saturated vapour is 1.672 m/kg and pressure is 0.1 mpa.

Afour cylinder four-stroke in-line engine has a stroke of 160mm, connecting rod length of 150mm, a reciprocating mass of 3kg and its firing order is 1-3-4-2. the spacing between cylinders is 100mm. i. show that the engine is in balance with regard to the primary inertia forces and primary 3. a and secondary inertia couples. li determine the out of balance secondary inertia force ii. propose ways of balancing this out of balance force and discuss the challenges that will arise

The filament of an incandescent lamp has a temperature of 2000k. calculate the fraction of radiation emitted in the visible light band if the filament is approximated as blackbody