An electric plant that produces 10 x 109 kwh/year has an annual investment expenditure of $43.5 x 10/year for an expected lifetime of 25 years, with no remaining salvage value. the capital cost of the plant is repaid at 5% discount or interest rate. total annual operating cost at the plant is $20 x 106/year, and annual return to investors at 5% of the operating cost plus capital repayment cost.

(a) what is the levelized cost of electricity in $/wh?
(b) if they charge at this cost and assuming no other cost, estimate when will they reach breakeven point?
(c) if they charge at this cost and assuming no other cost, estimate the return on investment, if any?

A3-mm-thick panel of aluminum alloy (k 177 w/m-k, c 875 j/kg-k and ? = 2770 kg/m) is finished on both sides with an epoxy coating that must be cured at or above t,-150°c for at least 5 min. the production line for the curing operation involves two steps: (1) heating in a large oven with air at ts,0-175°c and a convection coefficient of h, 40 w/m2. k, and (2) cooling in a large chamber with air at 25°c and a con- vection coefficient of he 10 w/m2.k. the heating portion of the process is conducted over a time interval te which exceeds the ime required to reach 150°c by 5 min (h = r + 300 s). the coating has an emissivity of ? = 0.8, and the temperatures of the oven and chamber walls are 175 and 25°c, respectively. if the panel is placed in the oven at an initial temperature of 25°c and removed from the chamber at a safe-to-touch tempera ture of 37°c, what is the total elapsed time for the two-step curing operation?