12. according to the example on how to calculate "flash / tax gas", also known as non-
refrigeration effect, what would be the % of gas produced if one pound of liquid ammonia
would convert to gas across the expansion valve with 95° f condensing temperature and
-40° f evaporating temperatures.
a. approximately 27%
b. approximately 21%
c. approximately 17%
d. approximately 12%

Heat is added to a piston-cylinder device filled with 2 kg of air to raise its temperature 400 c from an initial temperature of t1 27 cand pressure of pi 1 mpa. the process is isobaric process. find a)-the final pressure p2 b)-the heat transfer to the air.

Afour cylinder four-stroke in-line engine has a stroke of 160mm, connecting rod length of 150mm, a reciprocating mass of 3kg and its firing order is 1-3-4-2. the spacing between cylinders is 100mm. i. show that the engine is in balance with regard to the primary inertia forces and primary 3. a and secondary inertia couples. li determine the out of balance secondary inertia force ii. propose ways of balancing this out of balance force and discuss the challenges that will arise

Which of the following controllers anticipates the future from the slope of errors over time? a)-proportional b)-on/off c)-integral d)-derivative.