Describe a mechanism by which counting semaphores could be implemented using the minimal number of binary semaphores and ordinary machine instructions. Include C code snippets if you feel this will make your answer clearer and/or more concise

Apipe with an outside diameter of 15 cm is exposed to an ambient air and surrounding temperature of -20°c. the pipe has an outer surface temperature of 65°c and an emissivity of 0.85. if the rate of heat loss from the pipe surface is 0.95 kw per meter of length, the external convective heat transfer coefficient (h) is: (a) 12.5 w/m"k (b) 18.6 w/mk (c) 23.7 w/mk (d) 27.9 w/mk (e) 33.5 w/mk

Consider a large isothermal enclosure that is maintained at a uniform temperature of 2000 k. calculate the emissive power of the radiation that emerges from a small aperture on the enclosure surface. what is the wavelength ? , below which 10% of the emission is concentrated? what is the wavelength ? 2 above which 10% of the emission is concentrated? determine the wavelength at which maximum spectral emissive power occurs. what is the irradiation incident on a small object placed inside the enclosure?

Assuming compressible flow of air and that the measurements are done at flagstaff a pitot static tube that gives the difference of total and static pressure measures 0.35 m of mercury. what is the velocity of air? assume the temperature to be 300k. (submit your excel or matlab calculation sheet)