The controlled variable in a closed-loop system is the direction of a robot arm. Initially, it is at 50o; then it is commanded to go to 25o. What is the error when the arm position is at 15o?a. 15 deg
b. 25 deg
c. 10 deg
d. 35 deg

If the thermal strain developed in polyimide film during deposition is given as 0.0044. assume room temperature is kept at 17.3 c, and thermal coefficient of expansion for the film and the substrate are 54 x 10^-6c^-1 and 3.3 x 10^-6c^-1respectively. calculate the deposition temperature.

Afluid flows with a velocity field given by v=(x/t)i.. determine the local and convective accelerations when x=3 and t=1.

Give heat transfer applications for the following, (i) gas turbines (propulsion) ) gas turbines (power generation). (iii) steam turbines. (iv) combined heat and power (chp). (v) automotive engines