An element representing maximum in-plane shear stress with the associated normal stresses is oriented at an angle of from an element representing the stresses.

1) tensile

2) 45 degree orientation

3) principal shear stress

Explanation:

An element representing maximum in-plane shear stress with the associated _tensile normal stresses is oriented at an angle of 45_degree__ from an element representing the principal shear stresses.

x+2 because it just doubles hon so the pattern can actually tell you the expression.

so for example,

if x=2 then 2+2 is 4

if x=4 then 4+4 is 8

and so on and so forth.

i really hope that this makes sense and you out in a way hon: )