A 0.91 m diameter corrugated metal pipe culvert (n = 0.024) has a length of 90 m and a slope of 0.0067. The entrance has a square edge in a headwall. At the design discharge of 1.2 m3 /s, the tailwater is 0.45 m above the outlet invert. Determine the head on the culvert at the design discharge. Repeat the calculation for head if the culvert is concrete.

An ideal otto cycle with air as the working fluid has a compression ratio of 8. the minimum and maximum temperatures in the cycle are 300 k and 1340 k. use constant specific heats at room temperature to determine (a) the amount of heat transferred to the air during the heat- addition kj/kg, (b) the thermal efficiency, and (c) the thermal efficiency of a carnot cycle ope limits. process, in rating between the same temperature