A shell-and tube heat exchanger (two shells, four tube passes) is used to heat 10,000 kg/h of pressurized water from 35 to 120 oC with 5000 kg/h pressurized water entering the exchanger at 300 oC. If the overall heat transfer coefficient is 1500 W/m^2-K, determine the required heat exchanger area.

4.75m^2

Explanation:

Given:-

- Temperature of hot fluid at inlet:   °C

- Temperature of cold fluid at outlet: °C

- Temperature of cold fluid at inlet: °C

- The overall heat transfer coefficient: U = 1500 W / m^2 K

- The flow rate of cold fluid: m_c = 10,00 kg/ h

- The flow rate of hot fluid: m_h = 5,000 kg/h

Solution:-

- We will evaluate water properties at median temperatures of each fluid using table A-4.

Cold fluid:   Tci = 35°C , Tco = 35°C

                            Tcm = 77.5 °C ≈ 350 K  --- >

 Hot fluid:     Thi = 300°C , Tho = 150°C ( assumed )

                             Thm = 225 °C ≈ 500 K --- >

- We will use logarithmic - mean temperature rate equation as follows:

Where,

                 A_s : The surface area of heat exchange

                 ΔT_lm: the logarithmic differential mean temperature

                 q: The rate of heat transfer

- Apply the energy balance on cold fluid as follows:

- Similarly, apply the heat balance on hot fluid and evaluate the outlet temperature ( Tho ) :

- We will use the experimental results of counter flow ( unmixed - unmixed ) plotted as figure ( Fig . 11.11 ) of the " The fundamentals to heat transfer" and determine the value of ( P , R , F ).

- So the relations from the figure 11.11 are:

Therefore,         P = 0.32 , R = 1.8 ---- > F ≈ 0.97

- The log-mean temperature ( ΔT_lm - cf ) for counter-flow heat exchange can be determined from the relation:

- The log - mean differential temperature for counter flow is multiplied by the factor of ( F ) to get the standardized value of log - mean differential temperature:

- The required heat exchange area ( A_s ) can now be calculated: