A brief measurement campaign indicates that the median propagation loss at 420MHz in a mid-size North American city can be modeled by the following path loss equation Lp = 25 dB + 10 log10{d2.8} , where d is in units of meters, i. e., the path loss exponent is = 2.8 and there is a 25 dB fixed loss. a) Assuming a cell phone receiver sensitivity of -95 dBm, what trans- mitter power is required to service a circular area of radius 10 km? b) Suppose the measurements were optimistic and = 3.1 is more appropriate. What is the corresponding increase in transmit power (in decibels) that would be required? c) If log-normal shadowing is present with = 8 dB, how much additional transmit power is required to ensure 10% thermal noise outage at a distance of 10 km?