A horizontal 2-in. I. D. pipe carries water with density 62.3 lbm/ft3 . In order to measure the flow rate, the line is to be fitted with a sharp-edged orifice plate, with pressure tappings that are connected to a mercury manometer that reads up to a 15-in. difference in the mercury levels. If the largest flow rate of water is expected to be 560 lbm/min, specify the diameter of the orifice plate (in inches) that would then just register the full 15-in. difference between the mercury levels. Assume that the coefficient of contraction is 0.62. [Note: The density of mercury can be found in Appendix A.9 of the De Nevers textbook.]

Agas contained within a piston-cylinder assembly e end nation about same energy states, 1 and 2, where pi 10 bar, v undergoes two processes, a and b, between the sam 0.1 m3, ui-400 kj and p2 1 bar, v2 1.0 m2, u2 200 kj: process a: process from 1 to 2 during which the pressure- volume relation is pv constant process b: constant-volume process from state 1 to a pressure of 2 bar, followed by a linear pressure-volume process to +20 0 state 2 kinetic and potential energy effects can be ignored. for each of the processes a and b, (a) sketch the process on p-v coordinates, (b) evaluate the work, in kj, and (c) evaluate process the heat transfer, in kj