The initial ultimate BOD after mixing of the Bergelmir River is 12.0 mg · L−1. The DO in the Bergelmir River after the wastewater and river have mixed is at saturation. The river temperature is 10◦ C. At 10◦ C, the deoxygenation rate constant (kd) is 0.30 day−1 , and the reaeration rate constant (kr) is 0.40 day−1 . Determine the critical point (tc) and the critical DO. tc = 2.88 days. Critical DO = 7.53 mg · L−1

An ideal otto cycle with air as the working fluid has a compression ratio of 8. the minimum and maximum temperatures in the cycle are 300 k and 1340 k. use constant specific heats at room temperature to determine (a) the amount of heat transferred to the air during the heat- addition kj/kg, (b) the thermal efficiency, and (c) the thermal efficiency of a carnot cycle ope limits. process, in rating between the same temperature

Manometers are good examples of measuring instruments, nowadays they are not as common as before. a)-capacitive probe gauges b)-gravitational gauges deformation ) gauges d)-digital gauges

Refrigerant-134a enters the compressor of a refrigerator as superheated vapor at 0.14 mpa and -10°c at a rate of 0.05 ka/s and leaves at 0.8 mpa and 50°c. the refrigerant is cooied in the condenser to 0.72 mpa and 26'c. it is then throttled to 0.15 mpa. sketch the t-s diagram for the system and evaluate: 6) the rate of heat removai from the refrigerated space (kw), it) the power input to the compressor (kw), ii) the isentropic efficiency of the compressor (%), and iv) the cop of the refrigerator.