Aline of reasoning that presents the opposite side of the author’s argument is called a .

A line of reasoning that presents the opposite side of the authors argument is called counterclaim. It can also be referred as counterargument or rebuttal. It provides a different side to your current argument, basically the opposite of your thesis.

It gives the reader a glimpse of why people might support the opposing side, supported by some facts, but by giving enough evidence to support his own thesis he shows why it is better not to.

I believe the answer is: Counterclaim

In literature, Counterclaim is made when an author is disagreeing with the opinion or conclusion that is made by another author.

The counterclaims would usually go back and forth between these authors until they reach some sort of resolution or decided to walkaway.

the sentence that best describes the tone of the passage from the radio broadcast compared to the passage from the book is b. the radio broadcast has a more surprised tone.

consider the text evidence: in the passage from the book, the description is more matter-of-fact. it is simply describing the things resembling little grey snakes, but there is no urgency in the description. on the other hand, in the passage from the radio broadcast, there is definetely urgency (you can tell from the expression used, "good heavens", which clearly indicates surprise.)