Speech or writing which uses irony, wit, or mockery to ridicule something can be described as

The correct answer is: Satire

Satire refers to a technique used in literature that helps writers expose and criticize foolishness and corruption of a certain society or person. It is characterized for using humor, irony, exaggeration, or ridicule. It's main objective is to improve humanity showing it's faults. Most of times the author uses fictional character that resemble real ones.

An example would be given by Charles Chaplin in his movie The  Great Dictator where he mocks Hitler without mentioning him.

answer: the correct answer is b. an essay that connects the writer's experience with a topic of significance and of reader interest.

explanation: the key words are here "personal experience" since personal essays give insights about peoples' experiences in life and introduce us in their unique world that can be or not to related to our lives but interests us because we are human beings and share the same condition universally.