What does the abbreviation ''ref.'' stand for

Read the excerpt from "the most dangerous game." a man, who had been hiding in the curtains of the bed, was standing there. "rainsford! " screamed the general. "how in god's name did you get here? " "swam," said rainsford. "i found it quicker than walking through the jungle." the general sucked in his breath and smiled. "i congratulate you," he said. "you have won the game." rainsford did not smile. "i am still a beast at bay," he said, in a low, hoarse voice. "get ready, general zaroff." the general made one of his deepest bows. "i see," he said. "splendid! one of us is to furnish a repast for the hounds. the other will sleep in this very excellent bed. on guard, rainsford." . . he had never slept in a better bed, rainsford decided. adrian is writing an essay about "the most dangerous game.” which detail from the excerpt best supports his idea that rainsford is unchanged and still feels that the hunter is justified in killing the hunted? a man, who had been hiding in the curtains of the bed, was standing there. "swam," said rainsford. "i found it quicker than walking through the jungle." rainsford did not smile. "i am still a beast at bay," he said, in a low, hoarse voice. "get ready, general zaroff." he had never slept in a better bed, rainsford decided.

Some one drawing water and my theater placed my hand under the spout. as the cool stream gushed over one hand she spelled into the other the word water , first slowly , then rapidly . i stood still ,my whole attention fixed upon the motions of her fingers . suddenly i felt misty consciousness as of soothing forgotten --a thrill of returning thought and somehow the mystery of language was revealed to me this passage from the stoyof my life is an wxample of which element of plotclimax action

Read this paragraph from chapter 5 of the prince. there are, for example, the spartans and the romans. the spartans held athens and thebes, establishing there an oligarchy: nevertheless they lost them. the romans, in order to hold capua, carthage, and numantia, dismantled them, and did not lose them. they wished to hold greece as the spartans held it, making it free and permitting its laws, and did not succeed. so to hold it they were compelled to dismantle many cities in the country, for in truth there is no safe way to retain them otherwise than by ruining them. and he who becomes master of a city accustomed to freedom and does not destroy it, may expect to be destroyed by it, for in rebellion it has always the watchword of liberty and its ancient privileges as a rallying point, which neither time nor benefits will ever cause it to forget. and whatever you may do or provide against, they never forget that name or their privileges unless they are disunited or dispersed, but at every chance they immediately rally to them, as pisa after the hundred years she had been held in bondage by the florentines. what idea is stressed in the passage? the desire for liberty the establishment of an oligarchy the dismantling of an acquired state the tendency toward rebellion