4. read the passage. emily dickinson is considered one of america’s greatest poets, but few of her poems were published in her lifetime. born in 1830, dickinson grew up in amherst, massachusetts, and attended school there and in nearby holyoke. she was no doubt familiar with other popular new england writers of her day, especially ralph waldo emerson. dickinson had a fairly normal social life until she reached her mid-twenties, after which she rarely left the home she inherited from her parents. instead, she may have been able to understand the world better by viewing it from a distance. with a sharp eye and keen intellect, she pondered nature, friendship, love, and death in poems of powerful simplicity. only about seven of her poems were published during her lifetime, all without her consent. when she died in 1886, relatives found over 1,500 more of dickinson’s poems, many of them written on napkins and slips of paper neatly tied up with ribbons. from this biography, what can you conclude about emily dickinson? a. she imitated other new england writers. b. she was clever but unfriendly. c. she wrote about topics she knew little about. d. she was talented but shy.

In just over one hundred years, between 1701 and 1810, 252,500 enslaved africans were brought to barbados—an island that occupies only 166 square miles (making it, today, one of the smallest countries in the world). the english then set out to conquer more sugar islands, starting with jamaica, which they took from spain in 1655. in the same period that the 252,500 africans were brought to barbados, 662,400 africans were taken to jamaica. thus, sugar drove more than 900,000 people into slavery, across the atlantic, to barbados and jamaica—and these were just two of the sugar islands. the english were eagerly filling antigua, nevis, saint kitts, and montserrat with slaves and sugar mills. they took over much of dutch guiana for the same reason. seeing the fortunes being made in sugar, the french started their own scramble to turn the half of the island of hispaniola that they controlled (which is now haiti), as well as martinique, guadeloupe, and french guiana (along the south american coast near dutch guiana), into their own sugar colonies, which were filled with hundreds of thousands more african slaves. by 1753, british ships were taking average of 34,250 slaves from africa every year, and by 1768, that number had reached 53,100. –sugar changed the world, marc aronson and marina budhos how do the authors use historical evidence to support their claim? x(a) they use secondary sources to show how french and english monarchs were indifferent to enslaved people. x(b)they use secondary sources to show that enslaved people often fought for their freedom after arriving in the caribbean. the answer is: (c)they use facts from primary sources to show how countries increased the number of enslaved people to produce more sugar. x(d)they use primary source interviews to show that countries could make more money in trading sugar without using enslaved people.