Atheme that a writer clearly states is called a. a direct theme b. a literary theme c. a universal theme d. an implied theme

A) A direct theme.

Explanation: In literature, the theme is the underlying message of a story, it is  what critical belief about life is the author trying to convey in the writing of a novel, play, short story or poem. Usually this belief, or idea, is universal and transcends cultural barriers. From the given options, the one that represents a theme that a writer clearly states is the corresponding to option A: a direct theme.