Which of the following arguments uses logical fallacy?

All of the above

Explanation:

A fallacy refers to an argument that employs faulty reasoning. This is often the consequence of invalid premises as the basis of an argument. Fallacies can sometimes be difficult to spot because they often appear to be better than they are. Fallacies can either be constructed on purpose (with the purpose of deceiving someone) or happen due to carelessness or ignorance.

in the quotation from passage, connie willis states that literature is a way for authors from the past to communicate with readers of today. we can read their stories, books, and other texts to learn lessons about life. willis refers to these lessons as messages “from beyond the grave.” willis has a favorable viewpoint about the timelessness of literature.