How does irving contribute a positive message about america and its people through the characterization of rip van winkle?

question 10 options:

a. irving harkens to the past when america was a british colony, lamenting the loss of the english monarch, and awakening in readers a wistful longing for its monarchic roots.

b. irving plays with the idea that fairies are the key to time travel into the future through somnambulism; but denounces the idea of ever traveling back in time.

c. irving roots the story in the time period that stretches both before and after the revolutionary war—rejoicing in the memory of the founding of the nation; he projects an image of america’s landscape that is vast, beautiful, and full of possibility. 

d. through historical fiction, irving presents history in a fictional way, causing confusion for future historians about the actual past versus the imagined fictionalized past.