When 26-year-old jazz musician esperanza spalding won the grammy for best new artist in 2011, viewers were mostly wondering who on earth she was. but spalding is, in fact, no newcomer to the music scene. a favorite of president barack obama's, he even chose her to perform following his nobel peace prize acceptance speech in 2009. this significant event was the first time a jazz artist ever played at the nobel ceremony rather than a classical musician.
born in portland, oregon, in 1984, spalding is of african american, spanish, and welsh descent. at age 4, she taught herself the violin, and at 5, she joined the chamber music society of oregon. from there, she tried out various instruments, and eventually settled on the double bass. by the time she turned 16, esperanza had completed her ged and was touring the country with jazz bands as a professional bassist. at 17, she won a full scholarship to the prestigious berklee college of music, and at age 20, became its youngest ever faculty member.
she may have won best "new" artist, but esperanza has been successfully recording jazz for a few years. her first album, junjo, was recorded in 2006. this was followed by esperanza, her acclaimed 2008 album, which was the highest-selling debut album that year.

select the correct answer.
carlos has prepared the above oral presentation to give to his music appreciation class. during the speech, it will be particularly important for him to engage his audience by
a.
focusing on his pages of notes.
b.
looking at one audience member.
c.
varying the volume of his voice.
d.
speaking very loudly throughout.