4. in those days the church was not merely a thermometer that recorded the ideas and

principles of popular opinion; it was a thermostat that transformed the mores of society.

type of figurative language:

meaning of figurative language:

effect on tone and mood:

effect on audience:

Figures of speech are used in providing greater meaning to sentences. The figure of speech in the above statement has been indicated below:

A metaphor is a figure of speech that directly compares two things, thus insinuating that one thing is like another.

By directly comparing the church to a thermometer and thermostat, the speaker was referring to the regulatory and oversight status of the church.

This tone is assertive and serious and the reader gains insight into the true nature of the speech through this comparison.

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The given excerpt is taken from the "Letter from a Birmingham Jail" written by Martin Luther King, Jr. to the clergymen of the nation. The letter was written on April 16, 1963.  

Explanation:

Figurative Language- Metaphor.

Meaning of Figurative Language- King is addressing to the clergymen and reminding them of the past church's authority and asking them to stop being silent about the wrongs happening in the nation and speak against the odds.

Effect on tone and mood- The tone is critical and the mood reflective.

Effect on Audience- The churches will start taking responsibility of transforming and influencing society like before.

1)john .f kennedy,

2) f

first person

explanation: