Read the passage.

changes at the end of the middle ages and the beginning of the renaissance created a demand for a more economical method of printing. the need for a fast and inexpensive way to produce written documents grew with the growth of literacy. several new ways of creating written materials were developed. one important innovation was the creation of movable metal type.

several print masters tried to perfect the use of movable metal type in order to produce books faster and on a larger scale. johannes gutenberg (c.1398-1468), was a german stonecutter and goldsmith. he was the first to develop a printing press that offered a solution for the demand of large quantities of written documents. in 1450, he formulated an alloy of lead, tin, and antinomy – a silvery, shiny grey metalloid found in nature – and created metal type out of it. gutenberg's alloy melted at a low temperature. it cast well in the die and was durable in the printing press. this meant the separate pieces of type could be used again and again. each letter was a mirror image that was carved in relief on a small block. these individual letters could be easily moved around to form words.

how does the author make the connection between the growth of literacy during the beginning of the renaissance and gutenberg's invention?

she explains why the technology previously used to create printed materials was inefficient and unable to produce books on a large scale to meet demand.

she points out that, even though people wanted to read more, gutenberg's printing process was antiquated and could not keep up with demand.

she describes how the increased demand for printed materials led gutenberg to develop a way to make more books in less time.

she notes that gutenberg was only able to invent his printing press because he himself benefited from learning to read at this time.

Who gets bob ewell to stop his bothering?

What is the main difference between hearing and listening? a) hearing is easy; listening is hard. b) hearing involves the outer ear; listening involves the inner ear. c) hearing is the physical activity; listening involves processing the information. d) none of the above

Read the passage. excerpt from "why equal pay is worth fighting for" by senator elizabeth warren, april 17, 2014 i honestly can't believe that we're still arguing over equal pay in 2014. when i started teaching elementary school after college, the public school district didn't hide the fact that it had two pay scales: one for men and one for women. women have made incredible strides since then. but 40 years later, we're still debating equal pay for equal work. women today still earn only 77 cents for every dollar a man earns, and they're taking a hit in nearly every occupation. bloomberg analyzed census data and found that median earnings for women were lower than those for men in 264 of 265 major occupation categories. in 99.6 percent of occupations, men get paid more than women. that's not an accident; that's discrimination. the effects of this discrimination are real, and they are long lasting. today, more young women go to college than men, but unequal pay makes it harder for them to pay back student loans. pay inequality also means a tougher retirement for women. . for middle-class families today, it usually takes two incomes to get by, and many families depend as much on mom's salary as they do on dad's, if not more. women are the main breadwinners, or joint breadwinners, in two-thirds of the families across the country, and pay discrimination makes it that much harder for these families to stay afloat. women are ready to fight back against pay discrimination, but it's not easy. today, a woman can get fired for asking the guy across the hall how much money he makes. here in the senate, sen. barbara mikulski (d-md.) introduced the paycheck fairness act to give women the tools to combat wage discrimination. it would ensure that salary differences have something to do with the actual job that they are doing, and not just because they are women. senator warren states that the effects of pay discrimination are long-lasting. is this a valid argument supported by accurate evidence? no; warren weakens her point by claiming that the paycheck fairness act would "give women the tools to combat wage discrimination." yes; warren supports her point by noting, "for middle-class families today, it usually takes two incomes to get by." yes; warren supports her point by noting, "pay inequality also means a tougher retirement for women." no; warren weakens her point by noting, "today, a woman can get fired for asking the guy across the hall how much money he makes."