Which of the following best describes the author's use of deductive
reasoning?

a. he uses the lifeboat metaphor to appeal to the reader's emotions.

b. he describes population growth generally and then explains how
that applies to the united states and poorer nations more
specifically.

c. he describes population growth in the united states more
specifically and then examines population growth throughout the
world generally.

d. he cites population growth statistics to present a more logical
argument and establish his credibility.