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q1
read the excerpt from a passage about wind energy.

electrical equipment and combustible materials used in the construction of the turbine or the lubricants used in its operation can cause fires. and workers can be exposed to electrical hazards, such as arc flashes, electric shock, and thermal burns.

which description best explains the meaning of the word combustible?

a) capable of shocking

b) easily excitable

c) able to catch fire

d) highly explosive

q2
read the paragraph.

some people are concerned about how easy it is for the public to access wind farms. are people safe, they ask? there have been instances where blades have flown off, towers have fallen, and turbines have caught fire. but those accidents have been minimal. wind energy workers do face some hazards, however. falls sometimes occur during construction and installation of a tower or during maintenance. climbing the ladders inside the towers for maintenance can cause fatigue. being confined inside a small space can also affect workers. electrical equipment and combustible materials used in the construction of the turbine or the lubricants used in its operation can cause fires. and workers can be exposed to electrical hazards, such as arc flashes, electric shock, and thermal burns.

which sentence describes a cause-and-effect structure in the paragraph?

a) people are concerned about the public having access to the wind farms.

b) accidents on wind turbines have been minimal.

c) wind turbines require a great deal of maintenance.

d) working on a wind turbine can involve hazards, such as falls, fires, or fatigue.

q3

read the passage.

despite the benefits of e-readers, many people still prefer to read printed books. they like the tactile feel of real books. the text is easier to read because there’s no glare. they like turning the pages and watching as the left side of the book grows thicker as they read through the story. some people even love the smell of books, both new and old. real books can be sold or passed on to future generations. they can be autographed by the author. none of these benefits is possible with digital books. many bibliophiles enjoy showing off the titles and number of books stacked in bookcases in their homes. personal libraries share information about their owner’s interests and what is important to them. printed books can be read anywhere, even by candlelight during a power outage. a book can even show signs of its sentimental value to its owner. perhaps it is dog-eared from use, inscribed, or favorite passages are marked off and noted.

what is the author's purpose for writing this passage?

a) to persuade people to read printed books

b) to entertain readers with a story about what books used to be like

c) to explain the many reasons why people prefer printed books

d) to inform readers that e-readers have many benefits

q4
read the excerpt from a passage about wind turbines.

the blades rotate based on wind speed and direction, so the sound isn’t consistent. there are swooshes, thumps, and then silence. the changing rhythm of the noise captures people’s attention, and it is harder to ignore. people living in rural areas expect it to be quiet, so they may be more aware of the noise. for those who live near a wind farm, their sleep patterns may be disrupted by the noise. and for those who live closer to turbines the sleep interference is worse. the lower frequency of the noise from wind turbines tends to be more bothersome. it has been associated with fatigue, sleeplessness, and irritability.

which line from the excerpt best supports the idea that the sound from wind turbines is more than just annoying?

a) "the changing rhythm of the noise captures people’s attention, and it is harder to ignore."

b) "it has been associated with fatigue, sleeplessness, and irritability."

c) " the blades rotate based on wind speed and direction, so the sound isn’t consistent."

d) "people living in rural areas expect it to be quiet, so they may be more aware of the noise."