Island shipwreck conflicts

English test match match the definition to the term. 1 . adjective phrase a verb form (which may end in -ing ) used as an adjective 2 . phrase a verb form used as another part of speech 3 . restrictive clause a verb form ending in -ing used as a noun 4 . verb phrase group of words without a subject and verb used as single part of speech 5 . gerund phrase verb form preceded by to that is used as a noun, an adjective, or an adverb 6 . participle phrase beginning with a preposition 7 . verbal prepositional phrase modifying a noun or pronoun 8 . adverb phrase participle with complements and modifiers 9 . coordinating conjunction verb ending in -ing used with a verb 10 . gerund prepositional phrase modifying a verb, adjective, or adverb 11 . prepositional phrase a conjunction that joins words or groups of words of equal rank 12 . infinitive an adjective clause that is essential to the meaning of the sentence 13 . participial phrase a verbal form ending in -ing with its object and modifiers used as a noun

Can someone explain this to me clearly plz

How does the author create a surprise ending? cite evidence from the text to support your answer.