How does the description of the ivy vine in paragraph 18 contribute to the tone of the passage?
t reflects Sue’s determination to keep Johnsy alive.

It shows the hopelessness of being fragile.

It shows the run-down environment where Sue and Johnsy live.

It reflects the narrator’s sense of optimism.

The ivy vine contributes to the tone of the passage by measuring her time on the earth.                                              

Explanation:

the sentence does not violate the phrase structure second rule (introduced by noam chomsky) because noun phrases consist of a determiner such as a, the or every, and a noun. in the sentence, the noun phrase the cake includes a determiner (the) and a noun (cake).

on the other hand, the first rule indicates that a sentence encloses a noun phrase, followed by a verb phrase. the example sentence can be analysed as follows:

john (n) + ate (v) + the (det) + cake (n).

the use of “as” in the example to draw the resemblance. some more examples of common similes are given below. common examples of simile. our soldiers are as brave as lions. her cheeks are red like a rose. he is as funny as a monkey. the water well was as dry as a bone. he is as cunning as a fox. simile introduces vividness into what we say.