The following table lists some words from act I, scene I of Shakespeare’s play Richard III. Refer back to the excerpt from the play to determine the meanings of the words listed. Based on context clues, note what you think each word means in the Contextual Meaning column. Then look up the words in a dictionary and fill in the Dictionary Definition column with the actual meanings of the words. How do the actual definitions compare to the contextual meanings that you came up with? Are context clues always enough to determine the correct meaning of a difficult word? Record your observations in the Notes column. Word/Phrase Line Contextual How did you do? Rate your work on a scale of 1 to 5, with 5 as the highest score. Then write a brief evaluation of your work below. Note what you learned and what challenged you.
Meaning Dictionary Definition Notes
descant 28
tendering 48
hearkens 59
tempers 70
suppliant 79
livery 85
beseech 89
enfranchise 115

Read this passage: many manufacturers prefer plastic as a material for containers because it can be molded into many shapes. but plastic is not very strong. it must be fused with glass or steel for strength. it is also not very durable. even the strongest plastic can break under enough pressure. the biggest disadvantage to using plastic is that it does not decompose. while plastic can be recycled, doing so is tedious and difficult. while it may be more expensive and difficult to work with, aluminum is a much stronger building material with far greater tensile strength. it conducts electricity because it is metal. best of all, aluminum is very easy to recycle. even if it is thrown away, it decomposes much more quickly than most manufacturing materials. how does the compare-and-contrast organizational pattern of the passage support the author's purpose? a. the passage gradually leads up to the point about decomposition to inform the reader about the importance of recycling plastics. b. the passage lists the advantages and disadvantages of each material to make a case for the use of plastic and not aluminum in containers. c. the passage begins with a description of plastic's problems in order to call attention to the good qualities of aluminum. d. the passage shows the superiority of aluminum in order to make a case for the production of stronger plastics.

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The moutain stood shoulder to shoulder and glared down at the pasture below, daring anyone to approach. what is the most likely the intent of the author's word choice in this sentence?