1. Lines 8–12: How does the Bull represent the Greek ideal of masculinity? Does the Greek idea of what it means to be a man still exist within our society? How does the bull represent Odysseus?
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2. Lines 16–23: What does Penelope’s removal of the bow signify? How does she feel about Odysseus’ return to Ithaca? Is she a good wife?
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3. Lines 28–40: Using textual evidence only, define commandeered as Penelope is using the term? What can be inferred from the nearly impossible requirements of the contest?
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4. Lines 41–69: Why are Odysseus’ servants, Eumaeus and Philoetius, described as “downcast”? Why does Odysseus reveal himself? What does their reaction lead Odysseus to promise the men?
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5. Lines 59–79: What about these two servants is treasured by Odysseus? Explain why this trait is valued by Odysseus especially at this particular time. How does Odysseus the beggar prove himself to be the King of Ithaca?
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