Excerpt adapted from The Unicorn of the Sea
by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

The narwhal is a toothed whale, but it is different from all other toothed whales in that it has no teeth in its mouth. Instead, male narwhals have a single, long, straight tooth (or tusk) that protrudes two to three meters out of the upper left jaw. Females almost never have a tusk. The tooth grows in a counterclockwise spiral.
It is this tusk for which narwhals are best known. There are many legends about the tusk of the narwhal. It is essentially the origin of the myth of the unicorn—European whalers that were in the Arctic would catch narwhals and bring tusks back to Europe with great stories about what kind of animals the tusks were attached to. But in terms of the biology of the animal, the tusk is actually used for social structure, to establish hierarchies of dominance for the males within narwhal pods. Narwhals have a black-and-white mottled skin pattern and are white underneath. The scientific name for these whales, Monodon monoceros, means "one tooth, one horn."
Not very much is known about narwhals, largely because they are difficult to study. They live in remote places, far from civilization, in a habitat that is dark for one half the year, covered in ice for the other half of the year, and not easy to access.
We do know that narwhals have adapted to be one of the deepest diving marine mammals, capable of diving to depths of more than 1,800 meters and able to spend a large amount of their time below 800 meters. Not many animals can sustain such intense pressures below the surface of the water and stay under the water for so long.
The primary prey of narwhals include Greenland halibut, polar and Arctic cod, shrimp, and squid. They change their diets seasonally, feeding intensely in the winter and eating little during the ice-free summer season. This feeding pattern is the opposite of other subarctic whale species, who tend to migrate south in the winter and feed in the summer. Scientists believe the narwhal's intense winter feeding period may be an adaptation to relatively low productivity in the high Arctic summering areas or perhaps a behavioral trait to avoid competition with lower-latitude whales feeding in summer.

1
Select the correct answer.
How does the second paragraph of the passage support the author's purpose?
A.
It argues that the population of narwhals is approaching a dangerously low number.
B.
It describes a physical attribute of the narwhal that makes it unique.
C.
It explains why the narwhal is a difficult animal for scientists to study.
D.
It relates a funny anecdote about the narwhal that demonstrates its gentle nature