English kings had allowed their subjects to participate in making laws through representatives in Parliament. This system of government worked as long as the king was not challenged on important matters. Whenever the Parliament clashed with their monarch, the king would get his way by suddenly convening Parliament in a remote, unreachable part of the country. Without a proper quorum of members, the king could then decide law as he pleased. As a result, representatives in the United States had drawn up the Constitution with particular attention to the issue of where they would meet in the future. As far as Jefferson and Madison were concerned, only Congress could relocate itself, and it could do this only after it officially convened in Philadelphia. —An American Plague, Jim Murphy What effect did the king's habit of moving Parliament have on US representatives? Which signal word(s) identify an effect in this passage? What conclusion can be drawn from this cause-and-effect relationship?

1. read the following excerpt from franklin d. roosevelt's "fireside chat 19":

on the other side of the picture, we must learn also to know that guerilla warfare against the germans in, let us say serbia or norway, us; that a successful russian offensive against the germans us; and that british successes on land or sea in any part of the world strengthen our hands.

remember always that germany and italy, regardless of any formal declaration of war, consider themselves at war with the united states at this moment just as much as they consider themselves at war with britain or russia. and germany puts all the other republics of the americas into the same category of enemies. the people of our sister republics of this hemisphere can be honored by that fact.  

the true goal we seek is far above and beyond the ugly field of battle. when we resort to force, as now we must, we are determined that this force shall be directed toward ultimate good as well as against immediate evil. we americans are not destroyers — we are builders.

analyze the effectiveness of this excerpt. how does it function within the speech as a whole? how does the structure of the excerpt to convey the speech's purpose and key points? support your argument with evidence from the speech. (10 points)

answer: b (host)

viruses use the cells of living organisms to reproduce. the cell which is used by virus is called as "host cell". it is a living cell in which virus multiplies, example bacteria, plant or an animal cell.

in this, the virus is a parasite, which uses host cell for its benefit (reproduction) by using the cell machinary of host cell.

nominative

judge is the correct answer