How does John DiConsiglio organize the text in "Disease Central," the supplemental text in When Birds Get Flu, to present the central idea?

He presents the central idea first.
He concludes with the central idea.
He presents the central idea in the middle.
He summarizes the central idea with a quote.

"now they have beaten me, he thought. i am too old to club sharks to death. but i will try it as long as i have the oars and the short club and the tiller."? this passage shows santiago's belief that a. he will never fish again. b. he is too old to continue fishing. c. man can be defeated but not destroyed. d. the sharks got the best of him.

Which inference can a reader make based on the information in the excerpt?

What is the phrase a tiny shoot of phase prikled by the mind