Drag the tiles to the correct boxes to complete the pairs. Identify the logical fallacy demonstrated in each excerpt. false dilemma false analogy ad hominem red herring Excerpt Logical Fallacy It is true that the city council did approve a tax for a new road construction project. However, our city needs to attract more businesses to stabilize our economy. Increasing our city's debt to improve our roads is better than letting all our cars be destroyed because of all the pot holes. Our current mayor has been in politics for over 25 years. It is time that we have a younger mayor, so we can have fresh ideas to make our city better. Driving to work instead of using public transportation is like not eating everything on your plate. It wastes valuable resources.

false dilemma: Increasing our city's debt to improve our roads is better than letting all our cars be destroyed because of all the pot holes.

false analogy:  Driving to work instead of using public transportation is like not eating everything on your plate. It wastes valuable resources.

ad hominem: Our current mayor has been in politics for over 25 years. It is time that we have a younger mayor, so we can have fresh ideas to make our city better.

red herring: It is true that the city council did approve a tax for a new road construction project. However, our city needs to attract more businesses to stabilize our economy.

Explanation:

False dilemma occurs when the listener is asked to pick between two options as if no other one was available, when this is not the case. In this example, the author claims that debt or the destruction of all cars are the only options, when this is most likely not the case.

A false analogy occurs when two things are compared, but do not in fact share as many qualities as the author would want the audience to think. This is the case between the use of public transportation and eating everything on your plate.

Ad hominem is an overgeneralization. It occurs when an author implies that all things being discussed are the same, without significant evidence. In this case, the author implies that all young people have fresh ideas, and that all are more desirable than old people.

A red herring fallacy occurs when an author distracts the audience by introducing a completely separate and independent idea that is not related to the rest of the argument. In this case, the tax approved and the need for business are not related. The second topic is used as a distraction.

1. read the following excerpt from franklin d. roosevelt's "fireside chat 19":

on the other side of the picture, we must learn also to know that guerilla warfare against the germans in, let us say serbia or norway, us; that a successful russian offensive against the germans us; and that british successes on land or sea in any part of the world strengthen our hands.

remember always that germany and italy, regardless of any formal declaration of war, consider themselves at war with the united states at this moment just as much as they consider themselves at war with britain or russia. and germany puts all the other republics of the americas into the same category of enemies. the people of our sister republics of this hemisphere can be honored by that fact.  

the true goal we seek is far above and beyond the ugly field of battle. when we resort to force, as now we must, we are determined that this force shall be directed toward ultimate good as well as against immediate evil. we americans are not destroyers — we are builders.

analyze the effectiveness of this excerpt. how does it function within the speech as a whole? how does the structure of the excerpt to convey the speech's purpose and key points? support your argument with evidence from the speech. (10 points)