1. Creating effective openings: a. Write the opening paragraph of an adventure story for teenagers or older, using adjectives, adverbs, alliteration and a variety of sentences for effect. (5)

 b. Write the opening of a letter to a friend, inviting them to spend a day out with you and your family, using informal vocabulary, a variety of sentence types, exaggeration and a rhetorical question. (5)

 c. Write the opening of a set of instructions for a new phone, using imperatives, short sentences and technical vocabulary. (5)

 d. Write the opening of a formal letter asking permission for a child to have a day off school to go on holiday, using an appropriate style, respectful vocabulary and complex sentences. (4)