Can someone please summarise this

Explanation:

It takes a historical perspective on concepts in the psychology of motivation and emotion, and surveys recent developments, debates and applications. Old debates over emotion have recently risen again. For example, are emotions necessarily subjective feelings? Do animals have emotions? I reviewed the evidence that emotions exist as core psychological processes, which have objectively detectable features, and which can occur either with subjective feelings or without them. Evidence is offered also that studies of emotion in animals can give new insights into human emotions. Beyond emotion, motivation concepts have changed over decades too, and debates still continue. Motivation was once thought in terms of aversive drives, and reward was thought of in terms of drive reduction. Motivation-as-drive concepts were largely replaced by motivation-as-incentive concepts, yet aversive drive concepts still occasionally surface in reward neuroscience today. Among incentive concepts, incentive salience is a core motivation process, mediated by brain mesocorticolimbic systems (dopamine-related systems) and sometimes called ‘wanting’ (in quotation marks), to distinguish it from cognitive forms of desire (wanting without quotation marks). Incentive salience as ‘wanting’ is separable also from pleasure ‘liking’ for the same reward, which has important implications for several human clinical disorders. Ordinarily, incentive salience adds motivational urgency to cognitive desires, but ‘wanting’ and cognitive desires can dissociate in some conditions. Excessive incentive salience can cause addictions, in which excessive ‘wanting’ can diverge from cognitive desires. Conversely, lack of incentive salience may cause motivational forms of anhedonia in depression or schizophrenia, whereas a negatively-valenced form of ‘fearful salience’ may contribute to paranoia. Finally, negative ‘fear’ and ‘disgust’ have both partial overlap but also important neural differences.

hi sorry dont knoe

explanation:

"everyday

use" was written by alice walker. this is a story about two sisters, dee

and maggie wanting to have the handmade quilt. maggie wants to use the thing

for its purpose, while dee appreciates it for being “her heritage”.   the quilt represents family heritage. it was

believed that only dedication and years of hard work can represent a  quilt. 

mama decided to give

the quilts to her less fortunate daughter, maggie because she believed that dee

could not hold the true meaning of their family heritage and   that she would not use the quilts for their

purpose. however, dee believed that maggie can’t appreciate the quilts just as

how she sees them, and she thought that the quilt will be put to “everyday use”

by maggie and within 5 years or so, the quilt will turn into a rag. in the story, dee strongly believed that maggie do not deserve the quilts.

explanation:

have a great day!