Why is a story more than simply the sum of its parts ( including plot theme , tone , point of view , and voice ) ? Also , why is it useful to look at each of these parts individually ?

i cannot see any of the options                                                                        

in my opinion i think it was not excessive at all. the maids turned against the queen in his absence, how could he ever trust them again? if he let them go they would surely spread the news of the suitor's deaths, which is much too risky. as for the suitors, they were selfish, rude, and greedy. the god's had apparently marked them for death, meaning odysseus made their death come faster.

the part where he says my friends