Which phrase signals a cause-and-effect relationship? A
not long after
B
this led to
с
to begin with
at that point

It is B, or in other words, This led to.

Explanation:

"This led to" is an effect statement because it means that: something is leading up to this, or "this led to" Hope this helped! :)

the answer is a 100% b) communism

hope dis ya ; )

faith or loyalty when pledged in a solemn agreement or undertaking.