Reverend Parris was mostly concerned about . Communist control
the McCarthy era and how they wrongly accused people of being communist
behavior that wrongly accuses others and conviction without evidence
trials without evidence

in paragraph 6 of "sinners in the hands of an angry god" by jonathan edwards, he talks about how doing good things alone will not save men from going to hell because they're at the mercy of the will of god. "spiritual reform" provides men with a false sense of safety.

these have to be in your own words

i believe it is the first choice (1.)

because the major theme is(“both the wild and civilization have rules.”)

and also as u said,( based on what buck learns within the call of the wild, "both the wild and civilization have rules".this is true of humans within society as well.

i would just say something like,

i need to go outside owner to pee, hold on owner let me mark this tree. i'm thirsty now "starts drinking water" now i am tired. what are you eating owner can i have some, you can't refuse my cute puppy eyes.

just make sure you write that in your own words that way you don't get in trouble.