Read the excerpt from “The Gift of the Magi” by O. Henry. Which sentence uses an auxiliary verb to express certainty?

Read the excerpt from "the most dangerous game." again rainsford lifted the heavy knocker, and let it fall. the door opened then, opened as suddenly as if it were on a spring, and rainsford stood blinking in the river of glaring gold light that poured out. the first thing rainsford's eyes discerned was the largest man rainsford had ever seen—a gigantic creature, solidly made and black bearded to the waist. in his hand the man held a long-barreled revolver, and he was pointing it straight at rainsford's heart. the details of this excerpt show that rainsford sees ivan as a(n) individual.

Read the passage from chapter 17 of the prince. and of all princes, it is impossible for the new prince to avoid the imputation of cruelty, owing to new states being full of dangers. hence virgil, through the mouth of dido, excuses the inhumanity of her reign owing to its being new, saying: "res dura, et regni novitas me talia cogunt moliri, et late fines custode tueri."(*) nevertheless he ought to be slow to believe and to act, nor should he himself show fear, but proceed in a temperate manner with prudence and humanity, so that too much confidence may not make him incautious and too much distrust render him intolerable. . against my will, my fate a throne unsettled, and an infant state, bid me defend my realms with all my pow'rs, and guard with these severities my shores. what reasoning does machiavelli use in this passage? machiavelli uses deductive reasoning by first introducing the conclusion that new rulers must be cruel and then supporting it with evidence. machiavelli uses deductive reasoning by starting with statistical evidence and then concluding that rulers must be cruel. machiavelli uses inductive reasoning by first presenting an observed pattern of details and then concluding that new rulers must be cruel. machiavelli uses inductive reasoning by starting with the conclusion that new rulers must be cruel and then supporting it with short narratives.

Manny realizes that the castle described in the book he is reading stands for a larger idea : paradise. which literary device is the author using ?