1. PART A: Which of the following best describes a central idea of the text?
A If the Battle of Gettysburg had not occurred by accident, the
Confederate Army would have successfully invaded the North.
B The Battle of Gettysburg was a pivotal battle lost by the
Confederacy that discouraged any other attempt to invade the
North.
CThe Battle of Gettysburg did not benefit either the Union or
the Confederacy, because of the high number of lives lost.
D It was not possible to invade the North because the Union had
the superior number of troops.

Read the passage from a vindication of the rights of woman. that the society is formed in the wisest manner, whose constitution is founded on the nature of man, strikes, in the abstract, every thinking being so forcibly, that it looks like presumption to endeavour to bring forward proofs; though proof must be brought, or the strong hold of prescription will never be forced by reason; yet to urge prescription as an argument to justify the depriving men (or women) of their natural rights, is one of the absurd sophisms which daily insult common sense. does wollstonecraft maintain an objective tone in the passage? yes, because she uses objective language such as “society is formed in the wisest manner.” yes, because she uses objective language such as “it looks like presumption to endeavor.” no, because she uses subjective language such as “though proof must be brought, or the strong hold.” no, because she uses subjective language such as “absurd sophisms which daily insult common sense.”

Read the excerpt from elie wiesel’s all rivers run to the sea. why were those trains allowed to roll unhindered into poland? why were the tracks leading to birkenau never bombed? i have put these questions to american presidents and generals and to high-ranking soviet officers. since moscow and washington knew what the killers were doing in the death camps, why was nothing done at least to slow down their “production”? that not a single allied military aircraft ever tried to destroy the rail lines converging on auschwitz remains an outrageous enigma to me. birkenau was “processing” ten thousand jews a day. stopping a single convoy for a single night—or even for just a few hours—would have prolonged so many lives. based on the paragraph, the author would most likely agree that it is best to avoid confrontation at all costs. people need to be proactive when they witness an injustice. countries should remain neutral to keep alliances strong. moscow and washington are to be blamed for the holocaust.

If this were a fictionalized account, instead of a memoir, which might be the opening sentence? a) i am not your prisoner. b) i find myself in prison. c) you have taken me prisoner. d) black hawk had been taken prisoner.