I wish he would stop beating around the bush and just say when he intends to pay me back. A) Personification
B) Idiom
C) Hyperbole

B) Idiom

Explanation:

To ‘beat around the bush‘ is to avoid the main point in a conversation. In other words, it means failing to get to the bottom line when speaking to others; it is similar to the idiom

the sentence does not violate the phrase structure second rule (introduced by noam chomsky) because noun phrases consist of a determiner such as a, the or every, and a noun. in the sentence, the noun phrase the cake includes a determiner (the) and a noun (cake).

on the other hand, the first rule indicates that a sentence encloses a noun phrase, followed by a verb phrase. the example sentence can be analysed as follows:

john (n) + ate (v) + the (det) + cake (n).