Read this excerpt from “What I Hope to Leave Behind.” Gradually in every civilization there comes a time when work of the household is done by servants, either human or mechanical.

How would this excerpt be paraphrased in more contemporary language?

If you have a lot of household work to do, you should hire someone or use a computer to complete the task.
Many daily household tasks can now be completed either by technology or hiring someone to help you.
Every civilization changes, which can be seen as we discover new ways of completing household tasks.
In every country, we gradually learn to do old household chores with new machines that help do work faster.

To improve your understanding of an informational text, the question you should ask yourself as you read is: do i agree with what the author says in this text? who assigned me to read this text? what details in the text are unclear to me? what other texts has this author written?

Drag the tiles to the boxes to form correct pairs. match each excerpt to the type of characterization it uses.

Read the passage below and answer the question that follows. ‘you make me feel uncivilized, daisy,’ i confessed on my second glass of corky but rather impressive claret. ‘can’t you talk about crops or something? ’ i meant nothing in particular by this remark but it was taken up in an unexpected way. ‘civilization’s going to pieces,’ broke out tom violently. ‘i’ve gotten to be a terrible pessimist about things. have you read ‘the rise of the coloured empires’ by this man goddard? ’ ‘why, no,’ i answered, rather surprised by his tone. ‘well, it’s a fine book, and everybody ought to read it. the idea is if we don’t look out the white race will be—will be utterly submerged. it’s all scientific stuff; it’s been proved.’ in this passage, tom’s ideas about race relations come off as uncivilized. what literary device is fitzgerald using here? irony personification metaphor simile